Manitowoc Ice Undercounter (QM20/QM30/QM45/Q130/Q170/Q210/Q270 & SM50) Technician's Handbook ユーザーマニュアル

タイプ
ユーザーマニュアル
QM20/QM30/QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270
EC18/20/30/40/50/65/80
05-06-20
1
目 录
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270 制冰机维修 ······················································1
运行程序 ······························································································ 1
通电部件表 ·························································································· 1
电气诊断 ······························································································ 2
QM45
电路图
······················································································2
Q130/Q210
电路图
·············································································3
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270
安全极限
····················································4
安全极限检查表 ·········································································· 4
电气零件检修
·····················································································5
玻壳保险丝 ·················································································· 5
制冰/停止/清洗功能开关 ···························································· 6
箱体开关 ······················································································ 6
拆卸箱体开关 ·············································································· 7
风扇循环控制器 ·········································································· 8
高压切断(高压保护) ······························································· 9
更换风机马达 ·············································································· 9
冰厚探头 ···················································································· 10
制冷系统诊断 ····················································································· 11
QM45
制冷系统检修
········································································ 11
Q130/Q210/Q270 ··············································································17
Q130 一体风冷式制冰机 ··························································· 17
Q210 一体风冷式制冰机 ··························································· 18
Q270 一体风冷式制冰机 ··························································· 19
制冷系统管路图 ················································································ 20
QM45/Q130
制冷管路图
··································································20
Q210/Q270
制冷管路图
···································································20
M20/30 制冰机维修 ·················································································21
运行程序 ···························································································· 21
通电部件表 ························································································ 21
QM20 电路图····················································································· 22
2
QM30 电路图电气零件检修 ····························································· 23
电气零件检修 ···················································································· 24
玻壳保险丝 ················································································ 24
制冰/停止/清洗功能开关 ·························································· 24
箱体温控 ···················································································· 25
热敏电阻/控制板(收冰信号) ················································ 25
热敏电阻/控制板(收冰信号) ················································ 26
液管热敏电阻: ········································································ 26
制冷系统诊断 ···················································································· 27
制冷系统管路图 ················································································ 30
QM20/Qm30
制冷管路图
·································································30
EC18/20/30/40/50/65/80 制冰机维修 ······················································31
运行程序 ···························································································· 31
初始启动
···························································································31
制冰过程
···························································································31
收冰过程
···························································································31
自动关机
···························································································32
电路图 ································································································ 32
电器元件诊断 ···················································································· 35
箱体温控器
····················································································50
蒸发器温控器
···············································································51
定时器
·····························································································52
24 小时产冰量检查 ··········································································· 54
制冷系统示意图 ················································································ 87
EC18/20/30/40 制冷系统示意图 ··············································· 87
EC50/65/80 制冷系统示意图 ···················································· 88
制冷剂加注量 ···················································································· 89
1
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270 制冰机维修
运行程序
通电部件表
制冰机运行顺序
控制板继电器 继电器
通电
时间
1
水泵
2
热气阀
3
继电器
线圈
3A
压缩机
3B
冷凝风扇
马达
首次启动
1、压力平衡
2、制冷系统启动
断电 通电 断电 断电 断电
15 秒钟
断电 通电 通电 通电 通电 5秒钟
制冰过程
3、预冷 断电 断电 通电 通电 通电 30
4、制冰 通电 断电 通电 通电 通电
直到冰厚探
头连续 7
钟接触水
收冰过程
6、收冰 断电 通电 通电 通电 通电
直到箱体开
关动作
自动停机
直到箱体开
关重新闭合
7、自动停机 断电 断电 断电 断电 断电
冰厚探测器 5
1
平衡压力
15
2
启动
3
预冷
30
4
制冰
5
排水/收冰
箱体开关
箱体开关在 7
秒内闭合
箱体开关打开
超过 7
3 分钟延时结束
功能开关拨到“制冰”
且箱体开关闭合
6
停机
2
电气诊断
QM45 电路图
注意:检修电路之前请断开电源
图示为制冰过程
L1
(22)
制冰
停止
清洗
(24)
冰厚探头
箱体开关
(23)
功能开关
(20)
(21)
控制板
箱体开关
指示灯
收冰指示灯
(4)
(2)
(3)
继电器线圈
(7)
3
2
1
热气阀线圈
水泵
(8)
(9)
(5)
(6)
变压器
熔丝
(12)
风机马达
(15) (13)
风扇循环控制器
继电器线圈
压缩机
过载保护
R
(10)
(11)
2
4
启动器
C
参照铭牌上的电压值
L2 (N)
S
3
Q130/Q210 电路图
注意:检修电路之前请断开电源
图示为制冰过程
L1
(22)
制冰
停止
清洗
(24)
冰厚探头
箱体开关
(23)
功能开关
(20)
(21)
控制板
箱体开关
指示灯
收冰指示灯
(14)
(2)
(3)
接触器线圈
(7)
3
2
1
热气阀线圈
水泵
(8)
(9)
(5)
(6)
变压器
熔丝
(12)
风机马达
(仅风冷)
(15) (13)
风扇循环控制器
继电器线圈
压缩机
过载保护
R
参照铭牌上的电压值
L2 (N)
(10)
(11)
2
4
启动器
C
S
高压切断
(4)
4
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270 安全极限
除了标准的安全保护外,Manitowoc 制冰机还内置了安全极限保护,
当发生可能引起主要部件损坏的故障时,安全极限保护作用,使制冰
机停止运行。
当控制板触发安全极限,红色的收冰指示灯闪烁。将功能开关拨到“停
止”再拨回“制冰”,如果红灯闪一下,表示触发了安全极限#1;红
灯闪二下,表示制冰机触发了安全极限#2
安全极限检查
安全极限#1
安装不正确
参照“安装及开机检查表”
水系统
水位太高(水从溢流管排出)
水压太低(低于 20psig
水压太高(高于 80psig
水温太高(高于 32℃)
分水管堵塞
浮球阀脏或损坏
水泵故障
电系统
冰厚探头调节不当
不能切换到收冰(如冰厚探头的导线断路)
接触器未闭合
压缩机通电不动作
冷凝器脏堵
环境温度过高(高于 43℃)
冷凝气流短路
冷凝器翅片脏
风扇循环控制器损坏
风机马达损坏
制冷系统
5
使用了非 Manitowoc 零部件
冷媒充注量不正确
压缩机故障
膨胀阀开度过大或过小(检查感温包安装、保温)
制冷系统中有不冷凝气体
制冷管路高压侧堵塞或截流
热气阀故障
安全极限#2
安装不正确
参照“安装及开机检查表”
水系统
流水区域(蒸发盘)脏
排水阀管脏堵或打不开
未安装排水管或下水道,制冰机不能排水
蒸发盘后部结冰
蒸发盘的塑料框架和蒸发盘之间没有密封好
电系统
冰厚探头调节不当
冰厚探头脏
箱体开关故障
提前收冰
制冷系统
Manitowoc 零部件
冷媒充注量不正确
热气阀故障
膨胀阀开口过大(检查感温包安装、保温)
风扇循环控制器故障
制冷管路高压侧堵塞或截流
电气零件检修
玻壳保险丝
功能:
保护控制板因电流过大造成损坏。
规格:
6
250V10 安培
检测步骤:
1 如果冰碰条闭合,且箱体开关指示灯亮,保险丝正常;
2 取下保险丝用万用表检查。
制冰
/
停止
/
清洗功能开关
功能:
使制冰机处于制冰、停止或清洗状态。
规格:
单刀单掷开关,开关连接在低压直流电气回路中。
检测步骤:
1 检测功能开关接线是否正确;
2 断开功能开关的所有连线,或从控制板上拔下开关连线;
3 用万用表测量电阻。
开关位置 接线端 电阻
制冰
24-21
开路
24-20
闭合
20-21
开路
清洗
24-20
开路
24-21
闭合
20-21
开路
停止
24-20
开路
24-21
开路
20-21
开路
箱体开关
功能:
冰碰条动作,使箱体开关动作。箱体开关有两个主要功能:
1 中止收冰过程,使制冰机进入制冰过程;(箱体开关在 7 秒钟内打
开又闭合)
2 自动停机。(储冰箱满,冰碰条打开后不能闭合,7 秒钟后,制冰
机停机)
制冰机停机后,需要经过 3 分钟延时后,才能重新起动。当足量
的冰块取出后,冰碰条闭合,箱体开关也闭合,如果 3 分钟延时
7
已经结束,制冰机重新起动
检测步骤:
1 功能开关拨到“停止”
2 观察控制板上的箱体开关指示灯;
3 将冰碰条复位,箱体开关应闭合,控制板上的箱体开关指示灯亮,
指示箱体开关正常闭合;
4 冰碰条打开,箱体开关开路,控制板上的箱体开关指示灯灭,指
示箱体开关正常开路;
检测电阻值:
1 脱开箱体开关的连线;
2 将万用表接到箱体开关的线头上;
3 使冰碰条开合至少 25 次;
4 冰碰条打开,电阻值无限大(大于 30000 欧姆)冰碰条闭合,
阻值为零(小于 30 欧姆)
拆卸箱体开关
QM45/Q130
1 切断制冰机电源;
2 从控制盒内断开箱体开关的连线;
3 向下按压蒸发盘右下角的卡子;
4 从右侧取出箱体开关。
Q210/Q270
1 切断制冰机电源;
2 从控制盒内断开箱体开关的连线;
3 从箱体开关上表面中部的孔中插入一个小螺丝刀,向下轻压卡子;
卡子
箱体开关
取下箱体开关
8
4 向下压卡子的同时,向右推箱体开关并取出。
风扇循环控制
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270
功能:
控制风扇开停,保持正确的制冷系统排气压力。排气压力高时,风扇
循环控制器闭合;排气压力低时,风扇循环控制器开路。
规格:
规格
切入压力
(闭合)
切出压力
(开路)
QM45
145 psig ±5 110 psig ±5
Q130
250 psig ±5 200 psig ±5
Q210
275 psig ±5 225 psig ±5
Q270
250 psig ±5 200 psig ±5
检测步骤:
1. 检测时请切断制冰机电源。
2. 确认风机马达绕组没有开路或对地,马达转子转动灵活。
3. 将雪种表接到制冰机高压检测口。
4. 将电压表并联到风扇循环控制器上,不要断开风扇循环控制器的
连线。
箱体开关
插入螺丝刀,
向下压卡子
取下箱体开关
9
5. 制冰机通电,功能开关拨到“制冰”
6. 等水流经蒸发盘,然后对照下表检测:
系统压力 电压表读数 风机状态
高于切入压力
0 V
运行
低于切出压力 供电电压
高压切断(高压保护)
Q130/Q210/Q270
功能:
压力过高时使制冰机停止运行。
高压切断触点常闭。当排气压力过高时,触点断开。
规格:
切出(开路)450psig±10
切入:自动复位(压力低于 300psig 时复位)
检测步骤:
1 将功能开关拨到“停止”
2 连接雪种表。
3 将电压表并联到高压切断上,不要断开高压切断的连线。
4 对于水冷机,将水源切断;对一体风冷式制冰机,断开风机马达
电源。
5 功能开关拨到“制冰”位置。
6 如果没有水或空气进入冷凝器,会导致系统压力过高,高压切断
开路。注意观察压力表,记录切断压力。
7 如果压力超过 460psig 而高压切断没有开路,将功能开关拨到“停
止”位置,停止制冰机的运行。
以下情况下更换高压切断:
压力低于 300psig 时不能自动复位
压力高于切出压力时不能开路
更换风机马达
Q270 制冰机
按如下步骤,可以拆卸、清洁及安装冷凝风扇马达:
10
1 切断制冰机电源;
2 拧下固定冷凝器和箱体的螺钉,以及固定底板与箱体的螺丝。
3 底板向前拉出,直到碰到定位螺钉(大约 2.5” 6.3cm
注:底板前移不能超过定位螺丝,否则可能造成制冷管路损坏。
4 拆卸右侧固定冷凝器与底板的螺钉。
5 向前扳冷凝器,使冷凝器风罩与箱体之间空出 5”(12.7CM)。小心
不要折弯制冷管路。
冰厚探头
QM45/Q130/Q210/Q270
工作原理:
Manitowoc 冰厚探头不是通过检测制冷系统压力、蒸发盘压力、水位
或计时器来控制冰的成形。
当冰在蒸发盘上逐渐变厚,使水(不是冰)接触到冰厚探头。当水连
续接触冰厚探头 6 10 秒钟,制冰机进入收冰过程。
制冰锁定功能:
Manitowoc 制冰机控制系统有制冰锁定功能。这可以保护制冰机,避
免短时间内反复进入收冰过程。当进入制冰过程后,控制板有 6 分钟
制冰锁定。如果水接触冰厚探头,而 6 分钟制冰锁定尚未结束,制冰
PT1295A
拆下三个螺丝,向前拉
出底板直到定位螺丝
离定位螺钉 2.5”
6.3CM
拆卸螺丝,向前扳动使冷
凝器风罩与箱体之间的
间隙为 5”(12.7CM)
向前扳冷凝器,间隙为
5" (12.7CM)
拆装冷凝风扇
11
机将继续制冰,直到 6 分钟制冰锁定结束。
将功能开关拨到“停止”再拨到“制冰”进入制冰过程后,制冰机可
以不经过延时6 分钟制冰锁定)而进入收冰过程,以方便维修检测。
最大制冰时间:
当制冰时间超过 60 分钟,控制板仍未检测到收冰信号,制冰机将自动
切换到收冰过程。
冰厚检查:
工厂设定冰桥厚度为 1/8”3.2mm
需要调节冰厚时,顺时针拧调节螺钉,增加冰厚;逆时针拧调节螺钉,
减少冰厚。
注:每调节 1/3 圈,冰厚的改变大约为 1/16” (1.5mm)
安装冰厚探头时,要注意确保连线和支架不会阻碍冰厚探头自由摆动。
制冷系统诊断
QM45 制冷系统检修
重要:
请勿使用压力表来检测这款制冰机!这款制冰机不能通过检测制
冷剂压力来进行故障诊断。
如果制冰机在制冰时冰絮过多,请取下水泵底下的过滤格栅。
正常的冰形是在蒸发盘左侧稍薄。这是因为制冷管路的出口在蒸
发盘的左侧。
调节螺钉
1/8” 冰桥(3MM
SV3114
12
按以下步骤诊断制冷系统故障:
1 从虹吸管上取下虹吸帽,检查水位离立管顶部的距离是否为
6.4mm – 9.5mm
2 检查进水压力是否不低于 0.15Mpa,不高于 0.55Mpa
3 检查冰厚探测器是否调节正确。
4 检查制冰机排水管的尺寸是否足够大,储冰箱的排水管是否阻塞。
有关细节参照<安装、使用和维护手册>
出口
进口
QM45 蒸发盘
虹吸管
虹吸帽
冰桥的厚度应当为
3.2mm
调节
螺钉
13
5 在吸、排气管上安装温度计的感温探头:
z 必须使用带有延长感温探头的数字式温度计来测定温度。
z 压缩机吸、排气管上的感温探头必须位于离压缩机吸、排气
75mm 的距离内。
z 感温探头必须保温。
z 制冰机的门和面板必须复位。
z 第一次结冰过程的数据不用于制冰机诊断。从进入第二个结
冰过程 3 分钟后开始监测温度值
6 将实际的吸、排气温度值与下表中的数值作比较。这些表中列出
了正常的吸、排气管路的
温度值
24 小时产冰量
进入冷凝器的空气温度
°F/°C
水温°F/°C
50/10.0
/公斤
70/21.1
/公斤
90/32.2
/公斤
70/21.1 95/43 80/36 70/32
80/26.7 90/41 75/34 65/29
90/32.2 80/36 65/30 55/25
100/37.8 70/32 60/27 50/23
基于每板冰的重量为 1.0 (450 ) 1.3 (600 ).
储冰箱排水管通径为
1.59mm.
14
循环时间
制冰时间 + 收冰时间 = 循环时间
进入冷凝器的
空气温度(℃)
制冰时间
收冰时间 水温(℃)
10 21.1 32.2
21.1 14.6-16.5 17.6-19.9 20.3-23.0
1.0-2.5
26.7 15.5-17.5 18.9-21.3 22.0-24.9
32.2 17.6-19.9 22.0-24.9 26.3-29.7
37.8 20.3-23.0 23.9-27.1 29.0-32.8
进入冷凝器
的空气温度
(℃)
10℃水温
结冰 收冰
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温
度℃
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温
度℃
10 66-74 19-10 68-88 10-16
21.1 68-85 19-10 71-88 10-16
26.7 78-88 22-14 79-88 11-18
32.2 82-96 24-18 85-99 13-21
37.8 88-102 29-21 91-104 16-24
进入冷凝
器的空气
温度(℃)
21.1℃水温
结冰 收冰
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温
度℃
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温度℃
10 68-79 20-14 71-79 10-16
21.1 71-85 21-10 71-88 10-16
26.7 77-93 24-14 77-94 13-21
32.2 82-96 29-18 85-99 13-24
37.8 88-104 31-21 91-104 16-24
进入冷凝
器的空气
温度(℃)
32.2℃水温
结冰 收冰
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温
度℃
排气管温
度℃
吸气管温度℃
10 68-82 24-10 71-85 11-18
21.1 71-85 24-12 74-88 11-18
26.7 77-91 27-14 79-91 13-24
32.2 88-96 29-18 91-102 13-24
37.8 88-102 33-21 91-104 16-27
15
分析:
排气管温度 吸气管温度 冰层形状 参照内容
正常 正常
蒸发盘的左侧冰
层偏薄
正常
比正常值低
11℃以上
比正常值低 11℃以上
蒸发盘左侧冰层
偏薄
膨胀阀开
度过大
正常或偏高 比正常值高 5.5℃以上
蒸发盘左侧和顶
部二排冰层偏薄
制冷剂不
/膨胀阀
开度过小
正常 比正常值低 2.75℃以上
蒸发盘左侧冰层
偏薄
制冷剂过
膨胀阀开度过大
膨胀阀开度过大,会造成制冰过程中排气管温度和吸气管温度比正常
温度值偏低 11℃以上。吸气管温度正常而排气管温度偏低,
不能诊断
为膨胀阀开度过大
。只有当排气管和吸气管温度均偏低时,才能判断
膨胀阀开度过大。冰在蒸发盘左侧的成形偏薄。
膨胀阀开度不足/冷媒加注量不足
重要:首先确认进水浮球阀设定是否正确。如果水从不断溢流,会产
生相同的现象。
现象:
z 冰的形状
蒸发盘顶部两行的冰层薄
整个蒸发盘左侧冰层薄
蒸发盘的底部冰层厚
z 比正常情况下的制冰时间更长
往系统中加入 57 克制冷剂来作进一步诊断:如果吸气管的温度有所降
低,或者顶部两行冰的成形有所改善,表明制冰机冷媒不足。参照“冷
媒加注步骤”中的有关说明,安装冷媒加注阀。
冷媒过量
在制冰过程中吸气管温度比正常温度值偏低超过 2.75℃,排气管温度
正常。实际测量的电流值比铭牌上标明的值偏高。
16
冷媒加注步骤
重要
这款机型要求定量加注。
需要使用电子秤称量,以确保正确的冷媒加注量
高压侧的连接管路上应当加装采用快速关断阀
多通压力表必须正确地取下,确保不出现制冷剂污染或损
制冰机加注完成后,应当取下加注阀,封闭工艺管,防止
泄漏
1 将功能开关拨到“停机”位置。
2 在高、低侧工艺管上安装加注阀(尽可能靠近工艺管的顶部)
3 将雪种表接到高、低压工艺管的加注阀上。
4 按照制造厂家的说明连接好冷媒回收装置。
5 找到并补焊冷媒漏点。
6 系统抽真空至 250 micros(微米)
7 按照铭牌上的冷媒充注量,通过加注阀,用电子秤加注适量的
冷媒到系统中。
8 关闭冷媒罐。
9 2 3 分钟,让系统平衡。
10 将功能开关拨到“制冰”位置。
11 关闭雪种表的高压侧手阀。
12 等雪种表加液管中的冷媒蒸汽全部吸入制冷系统,然后断开雪
种表与制冰机的连接。按照以下步骤操作:
A 断开水泵电源;
B 使制冰机在制冰状态下运行;
C 关闭高压管上的快速关断阀,将快速关断阀连同高压侧连
接管一起取下。
D 打开雪种表高、低压侧手阀。管路中的制冷剂将从低压侧
吸入系统。
E 制冰机处于制冰过程,让吸气压力降低到 6.89kPA0 Psi
F 使用封口钳封闭低压侧工艺管。切下加注阀,钎焊封闭管
口。对高压侧重复此步骤。
G 接上水泵试运行。
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Manitowoc Ice Undercounter (QM20/QM30/QM45/Q130/Q170/Q210/Q270 & SM50) Technician's Handbook ユーザーマニュアル

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